What this means is that no study can be confident that it entirely ruled out all confounding factors
Examples of these imagery and lexical elements on cigarettes include those depicted in traditional Chinese art forms, such as brush calligraphy and ink painting 13
2 Despite the availability of research on the direct physiological effects of the e-cigarette, there is a paucity of data available on the physical effects and safety concerns of the e-cigarette on human health
2016;25(e1):e30-36
Consider that when filling up
Cancer Res 68:84738481 Guo J, Kim D, Gao J, Kurtyka C, Chen H, Yu C, Wu D, Mittal A, Beg AA, Chellappan SP, Haura EB, Cheng JQ (2013) IKBKE is induced by STAT3 and tobacco carcinogen and determines chemosensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer