General Health Effects Nicotine pouches and nicotine gums can be both used to alleviate tobacco dependence and nicotine consumption
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Cigarette and alternative tobacco use markedly alter the supragingival microbiome: Streptococcus species dominated in smokers with low caries, while Lactobacillus species increased in those with high caries indices
For adult smokers to successfully switch from cigarettes to smoke-free alternatives, such as heated tobacco products, e-cigarettes (also known as vapes), snus, or nicotine pouches, these products need to contain nicotine
The growth rate peaked in 1963 at over 2% per year, and since then, it has more than halved, falling to less than 1% by 2020
Supplementary Figure 8 Differentially abundant bacterial genera in tumour site and contralateral healthy buccal site of OSCC samples