Encouraging balanced eating patterns, possibly including fortified foods or carefully selected dietary substitutions, supports natural nutrient intake
"Abuse of amphetamines and structural abnormalities in the brain"
The eitiology of melanotic maculae suggests that it may result from racial pigmentation, endocrine disturbance, anti-malarial therapy, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, trauma, hemo-chromatosis, or chronic pulmonary disease, or they may be idiopathic
Selenium (as L-Selenomethionine)
Interestingly, several cross-sectional case-control studies have reported that patients with AD from various countries exhibit lower UA levels compared to healthy individuals [109, 110]
In early 2025, researchers at the University of North Carolina published a letter in Diabetes Care formally defining this practice