The blots were incubated with primary antibodies against PGC-1 (Chemicon International, Temecula, CA) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), and the reaction products were visualized using a horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) and enhanced chemiluminescence (Chemi-Lumi One Super, Nakarai Tesque, Kyoto, Japan) (Additional file 1: Figure S1)
According to the results from in vitro and in vivo studies, tanshinone IIA pretreatment protects the liver from APAP-induced liver injury by activating Nrf2 and increasing the mRNA and protein levels of the Nrf2 target genes glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), NQO1, and HO-1 (Wang et al., 2016)
Since glutathione supports liver function, it could theoretically affect how your body processes medications that are metabolized by the liver
Stomach acid and digestive enzymes are very effective at breaking down proteins, and since glutathione is a tripeptide (a small protein), it often gets destroyed before it can be absorbed
USD 39.95 Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout Similar content being viewed by others Data availability The data that support the plots within this paper and other findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is itself a potent water-soluble antioxidant, and just as importantly, it helps regenerate oxidised glutathione back into its active form