Duplancic B, Stambolija V, Holjevac J, Zemba M, Balenovic I, Drmic D, et al
Supports endothelial cell proliferation and migration : VEGFR2 modulation is associated with increased fibroblast activity and early connective tissue regeneration in transected ligament models 4
Previous research comparing intranasal cyanocobalamin to intramuscular hydroxocobalamin in cobalamin-deficient elderly individuals showed a swift increase in serum cobalamin levels following intranasal administration
The peptide stimulates collagen synthesis, improves skin elasticity, and reduces fine lines through gene expression changes favoring youthful tissue
This post was originally published on April 12, 2018, and updated on November 8, 2019
Common effects are injection site reactions and brief fatigue