HMGB1 binds to its receptor, namely receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) to trigger the downstream inflammatory response and produce various pro-inflammatory mediators, like tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1), leading to neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis (Lotze and Tracey 2005)
Change in Populations of Macrophages Promotes Development of Delayed Gastric Emptying in Mice
Mirzoev TM, Tyganov SA, Shenkman BS (2017) Akt-dependent and Akt-independent pathways are involved in protein synthesis activation during reloading of disused soleus muscle
Five studies could not be included in the quantitative synthesis because they did not report depressive-symptom outcomes with the summary statistics needed to calculate the effect size
A subpopulation of arginase 1 (Arg1)-expressing microglia exhibits an anti-inflammatory phenotype, with expression of IL-10 and TGF-, and promotes recovery from stroke injury (Li et al., 2022)
For instance, red meats such as beef and lamb, particularly liver, are excellent options