When healthy cells generate energy (adenosine triphosphate, or ATP) through the mitochondrial electron transport chain, they naturally produce highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a metabolic byproduct
N-acetylcysteine in the management of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive Pulmonary disease
In an experimental study conducted by Ghowsi et al., 2018, the authors evaluated OS in the liver and blood of mice, proving that the levels of malondialdehyde and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were higher in the control group of mice compared to the group with Resveratrol (p=0.034 and p=0.014, respectively) [100]
Plasma and liver acetaminophen-protein adduct levels in mice after acetaminophen treatment: dose-response, mechanisms, and clinical implications
This cell death is associated with apoptosis-like morphological signs, including cell shrinkage, membrane blebbing, and phosphatidylserine externalization
It is also the primary source of ROS, whose heighten accumulation can lead to biomolecular impairment and cell death
