TB500 has been evaluated for its potential effects on actin dynamics and cellular migration in animal models, but all published clinical research has used the full 43-amino-acid thymosin beta-4, not the TB500 fragment
(2) molecular identity by mass spectrometry
This mitochondrial ROS production is a natural part of cellular metabolism, but when ROS levels are excessive, they can damage the mitochondria themselves, leading to a reduction in ATP production and further impairing sperm motility
10.1007/s11626-015-9937-4 Dev Biol A
(More bad bacteria than good.) To wrap this up
Third, cosmetic-study endpoints (subjective firmness scores, instrumental elasticity, photographic grading) are softer and more variable than the hard clinical endpoints used in drug trials